Xcode’s latest release, 11.4 Beta 3, has brought advancements across the board. In particular, we found a couple of handy additions to Apple’s beloved programming language, Swift. Here’s our rundown of the two new features we love and think could benefit you the most.
func callAsFunction methods
func callAsFunction methods, i.e. those that are written into a struct, such as Subtracter below, can be called directly as you normally would with a function. The call syntax is shorthand for applying func callAsFunction methods.
struct Subtracter {
var base: Int
func callAsFunction(_ x: Int) -> Int {
return x - base
}
}
var subtracter = Subtracter(base: 3)
subtracter(10) // returns 7, same as subtracter.callAsFunction(10)Each method within the type that you wish to call directly (i.e. Subtracter in our above example) must be defined with the func callAsFunction argument label. You can add multiple func callAsFunction methods on a single type, and you can mark them as mutating.
Use struct to create a structure. Structures support many of the same behaviors as classes, including methods and initializers. One of the most important differences between structures and classes is that structures are always copied when they are passed around in your code, but classes are passed by reference. – A Swift Tour
Subscripts declare default arguments
struct Subscriptable {
subscript(x: Int, y: Int = 0) {
... }
}
let s = Subscriptable()
print(s[0])The above example (drawn straight from the release notes) instantiates the struct Subscriptable as s, and then demonstrates the presence of a default value by printing the item that exists at index 0.
Hungry for more? Check out the docs referenced above:
- Xcode 11.4 Beta 3 Release Notes
- Swift Subscripts Docs
- Guided Tour of Swift
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